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Tuesday, March 17, 2020
LEMBAR KERJA SISWA (LKS)
PEMBELAJARAN VIRUS CORONA ( COVID-19)
Nama :
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NIS :
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Kelas :
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PETUNUJUK
PENGISIAN LKS :
1.
Cermatilah
berbagai informasi tentang Virus dan Virus Corona dari berbagai sumber baik
yang diberikan oleh guru atau berasal dari sumber lain yang dapat siswa akses
dari berbagai mas media.
2.
Materi
pada LKS ini hanya merupakan salah satu sumber belajar alternatif
3.
Isilah/lakukan
tugas yang diberikan dalam LKS dengan lengkap
4.
Untuk
tugas berupa produk rancangan, dikumpulkan pada saat Proses Pembelajaran
melalui tatap muka mulai aktif kembali (produk
difoto terlebih dahulu dan dikirim melalui media sosial yang dapat
terhubung dengan wali kelas masing-masing )
5.
Tugas
diserahkan paling lambat tanggal 21 Maret 2020
MATERI :
INTERNATIONAL PROTOCOL TO RESPONSE
COVID-19
(Sumber : World Health Organization)
The Global Response & Next Steps
1. The COVID-19 virus is a new pathogen that is
highly contagious, can spread quickly, and must be considered capable of
causing enormous health, economic and societal impacts in any setting. It is
not SARS and it is not influenza. Building scenarios and strategies only on the
basis of well-known pathogens risks failing to exploit all possible measures to
slow transmission of the COVID-19 virus, reduce disease and save lives.
COVID-19 is not SARS and it is not
influenza. It is a new virus with its own characteristics. For example,
COVID-19 transmission in children appears to be limited compared with
influenza, while the clinical picture differs from SARS. Such differences, while
based on limited data, may be playing a role in the apparent efficacy of
rigorously 19 applied non-pharmaceutical, public health measures to interrupt
chains of human-tohuman transmission in a range of settings in China. The
COVID-19 virus is unique among human coronaviruses in its combination of high
transmissibility, substantial fatal outcomes in some high-risk groups, and
ability to cause huge societal and economic disruption. For planning purposes,
it must be assumed that the global population is susceptible to this virus. As
the animal origin of the COVID-19 virus is unknown at present, the risk of
reintroduction into previously infected areas must be constantly considered.
The novel nature, and our continuously evolving understanding, of this coronavirus
demands a tremendous agility in our capacity to rapidly adapt and change our
readiness and response planning as has been done continually in China. This is
an extraordinary feat for a country of 1.4 billion people.
2. China’s uncompromising and rigorous use of
non-pharmaceutical measures to contain transmission of the COVID-19 virus in
multiple settings provides vital lessons for the global response. This rather
unique and unprecedented public health response in China reversed the
escalating cases in both Hubei, where there has been widespread community
transmission, and in the importation provinces, where family clusters appear to
have driven the outbreak.
Although the timing of the outbreak
in China has been relatively similar across the country, transmission chains
were established in a wide diversity of settings, from megacities in the north
and south of the country, to remote communities. However, the rapid adaptation
and tailoring of China’s strategy demonstrated that containment can be adapted
and successfully operationalized in a wide range of settings. China’s
experience strongly supports the efficacy and effectiveness of anchoring
COVID19 readiness and rapid response plans in a thorough assessment of local
risks and of utilizing a differentiated risk-based containment strategy to
manage the outbreak in areas with no cases vs. sporadic cases vs. clusters of
cases vs. community-level transmission. Such a strategy is essential for
ensuring a sustainable approach while minimizing the socio-economic impact.
3. Much of the global community is not yet
ready, in mindset and materially, to implement the measures that have been
employed to contain COVID-19 in China. These are the only measures that are
currently proven to interrupt or minimize transmission chains in humans.
Fundamental to these measures is extremely proactive surveillance to
immediately detect cases, very rapid diagnosis and immediate case isolation,
rigorous tracking and quarantine of close contacts, and an exceptionally high
degree of population understanding and acceptance of these measures.
Achieving the high quality of
implementation needed to be successful with such measures requires an unusual
and unprecedented speed of decision-making by top leaders, operational
thoroughness by public health systems, and engagement of society. 20 Given the
damage that can be caused by uncontrolled, community-level transmission of this
virus, such an approach is warranted to save lives and to gain the weeks and
months needed for the testing of therapeutics and vaccine development.
Furthermore, as the majority of new cases outside of China are currently
occurring in high and middleincome countries, a rigorous commitment to slowing
transmission in such settings with non-pharmaceutical measures is vital to
achieving a second line of defense to protect low income countries that have
weaker health systems and coping capacities. The time that can be gained
through the full application of these measures – even if just days or weeks –
can be invaluable in ultimately reducing COVID-19 illness and deaths. This is
apparent in the huge increase in knowledge, approaches and even tools that has
taken place in just the 7 weeks since this virus was discovered through the
rapid scientific work that has been done in China.
4. The time gained by rigorously applying
COVID-19 containment measures must be used more effectively to urgently enhance
global readiness and rapidly develop the specific tools that are needed to
ultimately stop this virus.
COVID-19 is spreading with
astonishing speed; COVID-19 outbreaks in any setting have very serious
consequences; and there is now strong evidence that non-pharmaceutical
interventions can reduce and even interrupt transmission. Concerningly, global
and national preparedness planning is often ambivalent about such
interventions. However, to reduce COVID-19 illness and death, near-term
readiness planning must embrace the large-scale implementation of high-quality,
non-pharmaceutical public health measures. These measures must fully
incorporate immediate case detection and isolation, rigorous close contact
tracing and monitoring/quarantine, and direct population/community engagement.
A huge array of COVID-19 studies, scientific research projects and product
R&D efforts are ongoing in China and globally. This is essential and to be
encouraged and supported. However, such a large number of projects and products
needs to be prioritized. Without prioritizing, this risks compromising the
concentration of attention and resources and collaboration required to cut
timelines by precious weeks and months. While progress has been made, the
urgency of the COVID-19 situation supports an even more ruthless prioritization
of research in the areas of diagnostics, therapeutics and vaccines. Similarly,
there is a long list of proposed studies on the origins of COVID-19, the
natural history of the disease, and the virus’s transmission dynamics. However,
the urgency of responding to cases and saving lives makes it difficult for
policy makers to consider and act on such comprehensive lists. This can be
addressed by balancing studies with the immediate public health and clinical
needs of the response. Studies can be prioritized in terms of the largest
knowledge gaps that can be most rapidly addressed to have greatest immediate
impact on response operations and patient management. This suggests
prioritizing studies to identify risk factors for transmission in households,
institutions and the community; convenience sampling for this virus in the
population using existing surveillance systems; age-stratified
sero-epidemiologic surveys; the analysis of clinical case series; and cluster
investigations.
For countries with imported cases and/or outbreaks of
COVID-19
1. Immediately activate the highest level of
national Response Management protocols to ensure the all-of-government and
all-of-society approach needed to contain COVID-19 with non-pharmaceutical
public health measures;
2. Prioritize active, exhaustive case finding
and immediate testing and isolation, painstaking contact tracing and rigorous
quarantine of close contacts;
3. Fully educate the general public on the
seriousness of COVID-19 and their role in preventing its spread;
4. Immediately expand surveillance to detect
COVID-19 transmission chains, by testing all patients with atypical pneumonias,
conducting screening in some patients with upper respiratory illnesses and/or
recent COVID-19 exposure, and adding testing for the COVID-19 virus to existing
surveillance systems (e.g. systems for influenza-like-illness and SARI); and 22
5. Conduct multi-sector scenario planning and
simulations for the deployment of even more stringent measures to interrupt
transmission chains as needed (e.g. the suspension of large-scale gatherings
and the closure of schools and workplaces).
For uninfected countries
1. Prepare to immediately activate the highest
level of emergency response mechanisms to trigger the all-of-government and
all-of society approach that is essential for early containment of a COVID-19
outbreak;
2. Rapidly test national preparedness plans in
light of new knowledge on the effectiveness of non-pharmaceutical measures
against COVID-19; incorporate rapid detection, largescale case isolation and
respiratory support capacities, and rigorous contact tracing and management in
national COVID-19 readiness and response plans and capacities;
3. Immediately enhance surveillance for
COVID-19 as rapid detection is crucial to containing spread; consider testing
all patients with atypical pneumonia for the COVID-19 virus, and adding testing
for the virus to existing influenza surveillance systems;
4. Begin now to enforce rigorous application of
infection prevention and control measures in all healthcare facilities,
especially in emergency departments and outpatient clinics, as this is where
COVID-19 will enter the health system; and
5. Rapidly assess the general population’s
understanding of COVID-19, adjust national health promotion materials and
activities accordingly, and engage clinical champions to communicate with the
media.
For the public
1. Recognize that COVID-19 is a new and
concerning disease, but that outbreaks can managed with the right response and
that the vast majority of infected people will recover;
2. Begin now to adopt and rigorously practice
the most important preventive measures for COVID-19 by frequent hand washing
and always covering your mouth and nose when sneezing or coughing;
3. Continually update yourself on COVID-19 and its
signs and symptoms (i.e. fever and dry cough), because the strategies and
response activities will constantly improve as new information on this disease
is accumulating every day; and
4. Be prepared to actively support a response to
COVID-19 in a variety of ways, including the adoption of more stringent ‘social
distancing’ practices and helping the high-risk elderly population. 23
For the international community
1. Recognize that true solidarity and
collaboration is essential between nations to tackle the common threat that
COVID-19 represents and operationalize this principle;
2. Rapidly share information as required under
the International Health Regulations (IHR) including detailed information about
imported cases to facilitate contact tracing and inform containment measures
that span countries;
3. Recognize the rapidly changing risk profile
of COVID-19 affected countries and continually monitor outbreak trends and
control capacities to reassess any ‘additional health measures’ that
significantly interfere with international travel and trade.
KEGIATAN PEMBELAJARAN
:
1.
Terjemahkanlah, cermati dan pahami artikel berjudul INTERNATIONAL PROTOCOL TO
RESPONSE COVID-19 untuk memahami virus Corona.
2.
Carilah
berbagai sumber belajar tentang Virus Corona, dapat bersumber dari guru atau
hasil browsing oleh siswa sendiri.
3.
Virus
memiliki beberapa jenis, secara umum memiliki karakteristik, klasifikasi dan
penyakit-penyakit yang dapat disebabkannya yang khas . Analisislah karakteristik virus
berdasarkan :
a.
Ciri-ciri
virus
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b.
Bentuk
virus
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c.
Struktur
virus
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d.
Cara
hidup virus
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e.
Perkembangbiakan
virus
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f.
Klasifikasi
Virus
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g.
Penyakit
yang disebabkan virus
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4.
Virus
Corona merupakan satu jenis virus yang dapat menyebabkan penyakit dan sedang
mewabah. Evaluasilah berdasarkan berbagai sumber belajar terkait dengan :
a. -Latar Belakang mewabahnya virus
corona,
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b. gejala terinfeksi virus corona,
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c. cara penyebaran Virus Corona,
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d. pencegahan terhadap terjangkitnya
Virus Corona
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e. Cara penanganan
5.
Setelah
memcermati dan mempelajari materi “ Protokol
Penanganan Virus Corona “ dari materi alternative atau sumber lain,
a.Rancanglah media informasi sederhana tentang tahapan menerapkan protokol penanganan virus Corona
dalam media tertulis. (Dikerjakan dalam lembar Terpisah).
b. Bagaimana harus menanggapi secara bijak saat
ada stigma di masyarakat tentang virus corona ?
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6.
Setelah
mencermati dan mempelajari materi tentang Cara Hidup Sehat, rancanglah media informasi sederhana tentang
bagaimana mengimplementasikan cara hidup
sehat. (Dikerjakan dalam lembar terpisah). Materia media informasi memuat :
a.
Menjaga
kebersihan diri
b.
Menjaga
kebersihan lingkungan sekitar
c.
Cara
menjaga kesehatan
d.
Olahraga
yang aman dan sehat
7.
Setelah
mencermati dan mempelajari tentang virus Corona dan merebaknya informasi di
berbagai media yang belum tentu kejelasannya atau kebenarannya. Jika menjadi
Agen Informasi Covid-19, Jelaskan bagaimana cara bersosialisasi yang bijak di
masyarakat agar tindakan dan informasi
yang disampaikan saat bersosialisasi membantu pencegahan menyebarnya wabah
penyakit yang disebabkan virus Corona ?
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